South Africa is set to mark the 38th anniversary of the 1976 Soweto student uprisings amidst on-going questions about the quality of education in the country.

On the eve of Youth Day, a Soweto Non-Governmental Organisation said that schooling in the area was falling into a state of crisis again.

"Our schooling environment in Soweto is plagued by drug abuse, religious maladies like Satanism, violence including rape and murder, financial challenges and collapsing infrastructure with over 128 schools disused," said Each One Teach One Foundation Secretary General Jabu Khumalo in a statement over the weekend.

On 16 June 1976, a group of school children set off from Morris Isaacson High School in Orlando, Soweto, to protest over Afrikaans being a medium of instruction, among other grievances against the apartheid government.

The group was in confrontation with the police and they opened fire. The township was sealed off, and attacks on government buildings followed; as well as the flight of many youths and political leaders into exile. This day is now marked as Youth Day.

The whereabouts of Mbuyisa Makhubo have been a mystery for decades

During the weekend, the Department of Arts and Culture said it was conducting DNA tests on a man in Canada who could be Mbuyisa Makhubo.

The whereabouts of Makhubo have been a mystery for decades after he was photographed by journalist Sam Nzima during the uprising carrying a dying fellow student Hector Pieterson, aged 13, who had been shot by police.

The image, distributed world-wide, has since become iconic of the trauma of the day. Meanwhile various political leaders have scheduled in addresses on the public holiday.

Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa is due to address a gathering in Kimberley in Northern Cape; while Economic Freedom Fighters leader Julius Malema will speak in Rustenburg, North West, and Democratic Alliance parliamentary leader Mmusi Maimane will visit Soshanguve outside Pretoria